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Surveillance

Coverage of monitoring people, communications, behavior, and locations by governments and private organizations. Articles examine facial recognition, workplace monitoring, communications interception, location tracking, and large-scale data collection. Explore the legal limits on surveillance, including necessity, proportionality, transparency, oversight, and remedies, and its implications for privacy, expression, association, and other rights.

Prohibited AI Practices Under the EU AI Act: Real-Time Remote Biometric Identification

Prohibited AI Practices Under the EU AI Act: Real-Time Remote Biometric Identification

The EU AI Act restricts real-time biometric identification by law enforcement in public spaces. Discover narrow exceptions, national authorization, strict necessity and safeguards for each deployment.

Prohibited AI Practices Under the EU AI Act: Facial-Recognition

Prohibited AI Practices Under the EU AI Act: Facial-Recognition

The EU AI Act prohibits AI-enabled untargeted scraping of facial images to create recognition databases. Explore the limits of the ban, targeted searches and why public availability does not mean consent.

Smart cities, privacy and community control: Are we there yet?

Smart cities, privacy and community control: Are we there yet?

Smart cities promise efficiency, but are existing privacy laws keeping pace? This article examines how U.S. federal and state privacy laws apply to smart cities, surveillance technologies, municipalities, and vendors—and why stronger community oversight remains essential.

Schrems I: When EU Data Protection Crossed the Atlantic

Schrems I: When EU Data Protection Crossed the Atlantic

Schrems I invalidated the EU–U.S. Safe Harbor framework and established that protection abroad must be essentially equivalent to EU law. The CJEU also confirmed that adequacy decisions cannot prevent independent supervisory authorities from examining individual complaints.

Ryneš: When Home Security Cameras Reach Beyond the Household

Ryneš: When Home Security Cameras Reach Beyond the Household

Protecting your home does not automatically put your camera outside data protection law. In Ryneš, the CJEU explained why recording a public footpath exceeded the household exemption—and why the homeowner’s legitimate security interests still mattered.